Some of the most interesting (sometimes for the text, sometimes for the photos) history articles related to the Bible I've stumbled on since the last History Round-Up. Enjoy!
Old Testament
Is the Syrian Today the Assyria of the Bible?
Ein Gedi - A Testimony of God's Grace and Provision
Cash of 3,000 Year Old Canaanite Gold Found
Did the Old Testament Offer Only One Way to God?
50 People in the Bible Confirmed by Archeaology
New Testament
Under a Jail - Possibly Herod's Palace
Unsealing of Christ's Reputed Tomb Turns Up New Revelations
New Digs to Take Place at Masada (and pics of old finds)
Wednesday, December 21, 2016
Saturday, November 5, 2016
Egyptian Writing Activity
There's something interesting that you won't find in most kids books
on Egypt ...that
there were TWO types of writing used in in Egypt.
Hieroglyphics is the type of writing most people associate with Ancient Egypt. It featured characters that looked like pictures, and could stand for either sounds or the objects depicted (depending on context).
BUT, it was not the only type of writing being used in Egypt at this time....and not even the most common type.
Most Egyptians used a form of writing known as hieratic. It derived from hieroglyphics but was used alongside it (sort of like we have printing and cursive). Over time the two forms of writing began to have different functions. While priests and monument carvers still used hieroglyphics to record things of religious and historical importance, merchants and traders and everyone else used hieratic to write their grocery lists, records, and love notes.
You can see in the examples of both hieratic and hieroglyphics in the ancient religious text shown above (hieratics make up the main body of the text written under the scene at the top, but in the top right corner above the seated women you can see hieroglyphs).
Documents like these would usually be written on papyrus, a type of woven paper, or sometimes on animal skins--both of which were time consuming to make and therefor expensive. But the common people, the laborers and farmers and traders, if they could write wrote their hieratic notes on flat limestone rocks, and broken bits of pottery, which were cheap and readily available.
Kids learning to be scribes in Egypt would practice writing on flat rocks and broken pottery ...it is just as "historical" as writing on papyrus. So, for this activity I gathered up smooth rocks at a local garden center, and also broke up an old terra cotta pot. I explained a little bit about the history of both styles of Egyptian writing and game them some sample alphabets of both. I had them choose a terra cotta shard, or a rock, to paint hieroglyphs and hieratic on with red and black paint (the most commonly used ink colors in ancient Egypt).
I also made reed "brushes" and scribe pallets (a craft I found in Make It Work: Ancient Egypt) for the kids to use. You could have older kids make these themselves, but the craft does involve using an sharp knife. Alternatively you could pre-cut the pieces and have kids glue them together and make the indentations for the ink themselves.
SUPPLIES:
For Stone Painting
For Reed "Brushes":
Guide for Writing Hieroglyphs and Hieratics
Egyptian Alphabet Comparison Sheet
INSTRUCTIONS
1. Collect stones or break a terra-cotta pot. It's a toss up which is better to use. The terra cotta is smoother and easier to paint on, but has jagged edges (though not as sharp as glass). Many garden centers have stones you can buy, or will not mind you taking smaller broken pieces from larger flat stones they sell. But if you choose to break a terra cotta pot with a hammer in stead, wear safety glasses OR put the pot in the plastic trash bag before breaking to keep broken bits from flying up. Make sure to sweep area thoroughly afterwards. (Fun alternative if you have a second story: clear all people from the area and toss the pot from a 2nd story window. You can tell I enjoy destruction...just a bit).
2. For the pallet, I liked using Balsa wood strips for the top part, but a harder wood strip in the same size for the back, to add strength. Because I was making several of these it was actually cheaper to do this (the harder wood cost less than balsa), but if you were making just one it would cost less to cut one strip of balsa in two and use it for both top and bottom. I found my pre-cut wood strips at Hobby Lobby.
4. Cut the bottom and top strips to exactly the same length (8 - 10 inches).
5. The original craft called for cutting out the ink wells with a craft knife, but I thought it would be easier to press them in the soft balsa wood in stead (you can see how this turned out in the pictures). It does make for a shallower bowl, so if you want to cut them out with a knife for a deeper ink well, do so during this step. Otherwise, I think it would probably avoid some of the warping I got later to press them after gluing (though I have not tried this) For the area to hold your reeds cut a rectangular strip from near the bottom of the top later of balsa wood...leaving about two inches at the top for your inkwells, as shown below.
7. Glue your top balsa piece to your bottom wood piece...put a book on top to press them pieces together while they dry.
8. To press out your inkwells (if you haven't choosen to cut them in step five), find a hard object with a small rounded surface. I used the handle of a small hammer. You could also use a screwdriver handle or even a marble. Press the rounded object into the balsa wood hard until it makes an indentation. (The example below shows only one layer because I made the mistake of pressing before gluing the top and bottom layers).
This is one step that even a young child can help with. Wha-la...your scribe's pallet is done...now it need some reeds to fill it.
9. Go outside and look for some weedy grass...something long and skinny, not wide and flat. Cut off any "seed heads" and cut into segments just shorter than your reed holder.
10. Last, put a drop of red and black ink in your pallet inkwells, grab your rocks or terra cotta pieces, and start painting hieroglyphics and hieratics (this page can be used for a reference)!
Hieroglyphs
Hieroglyphics is the type of writing most people associate with Ancient Egypt. It featured characters that looked like pictures, and could stand for either sounds or the objects depicted (depending on context).
BUT, it was not the only type of writing being used in Egypt at this time....and not even the most common type.
Hieratic Writing
(and a few hieroglyphs too)
(and a few hieroglyphs too)
Most Egyptians used a form of writing known as hieratic. It derived from hieroglyphics but was used alongside it (sort of like we have printing and cursive). Over time the two forms of writing began to have different functions. While priests and monument carvers still used hieroglyphics to record things of religious and historical importance, merchants and traders and everyone else used hieratic to write their grocery lists, records, and love notes.
You can see in the examples of both hieratic and hieroglyphics in the ancient religious text shown above (hieratics make up the main body of the text written under the scene at the top, but in the top right corner above the seated women you can see hieroglyphs).
Documents like these would usually be written on papyrus, a type of woven paper, or sometimes on animal skins--both of which were time consuming to make and therefor expensive. But the common people, the laborers and farmers and traders, if they could write wrote their hieratic notes on flat limestone rocks, and broken bits of pottery, which were cheap and readily available.
Egyptian Writing
and Scribes Pallet Craft
Kids learning to be scribes in Egypt would practice writing on flat rocks and broken pottery ...it is just as "historical" as writing on papyrus. So, for this activity I gathered up smooth rocks at a local garden center, and also broke up an old terra cotta pot. I explained a little bit about the history of both styles of Egyptian writing and game them some sample alphabets of both. I had them choose a terra cotta shard, or a rock, to paint hieroglyphs and hieratic on with red and black paint (the most commonly used ink colors in ancient Egypt).
I also made reed "brushes" and scribe pallets (a craft I found in Make It Work: Ancient Egypt) for the kids to use. You could have older kids make these themselves, but the craft does involve using an sharp knife. Alternatively you could pre-cut the pieces and have kids glue them together and make the indentations for the ink themselves.
HIEROGLYPHS AND SCRIBES PALLET CRAFT
SUPPLIES:
For Stone Painting
- Red and Black Paint (goes in Pallet if you make that)
- Flat-ish stones and/or a terra-cotta pot (and hammer + trash bag or safety glasses)
- Balsa wood strips (find at hobby store)
- Harder wood strips for base (optional...see note in instructions)
- Wood Glue
- Round object (see step 8)
- Cardboard to cut on (a cereal box folded flat works well)
- Utility Knife
For Reed "Brushes":
- Any old reed-like weedy grass
- Scissors
Guide for Writing Hieroglyphs and Hieratics
Egyptian Alphabet Comparison Sheet
INSTRUCTIONS
1. Collect stones or break a terra-cotta pot. It's a toss up which is better to use. The terra cotta is smoother and easier to paint on, but has jagged edges (though not as sharp as glass). Many garden centers have stones you can buy, or will not mind you taking smaller broken pieces from larger flat stones they sell. But if you choose to break a terra cotta pot with a hammer in stead, wear safety glasses OR put the pot in the plastic trash bag before breaking to keep broken bits from flying up. Make sure to sweep area thoroughly afterwards. (Fun alternative if you have a second story: clear all people from the area and toss the pot from a 2nd story window. You can tell I enjoy destruction...just a bit).
2. For the pallet, I liked using Balsa wood strips for the top part, but a harder wood strip in the same size for the back, to add strength. Because I was making several of these it was actually cheaper to do this (the harder wood cost less than balsa), but if you were making just one it would cost less to cut one strip of balsa in two and use it for both top and bottom. I found my pre-cut wood strips at Hobby Lobby.
4. Cut the bottom and top strips to exactly the same length (8 - 10 inches).
5. The original craft called for cutting out the ink wells with a craft knife, but I thought it would be easier to press them in the soft balsa wood in stead (you can see how this turned out in the pictures). It does make for a shallower bowl, so if you want to cut them out with a knife for a deeper ink well, do so during this step. Otherwise, I think it would probably avoid some of the warping I got later to press them after gluing (though I have not tried this) For the area to hold your reeds cut a rectangular strip from near the bottom of the top later of balsa wood...leaving about two inches at the top for your inkwells, as shown below.
7. Glue your top balsa piece to your bottom wood piece...put a book on top to press them pieces together while they dry.
8. To press out your inkwells (if you haven't choosen to cut them in step five), find a hard object with a small rounded surface. I used the handle of a small hammer. You could also use a screwdriver handle or even a marble. Press the rounded object into the balsa wood hard until it makes an indentation. (The example below shows only one layer because I made the mistake of pressing before gluing the top and bottom layers).
This is one step that even a young child can help with. Wha-la...your scribe's pallet is done...now it need some reeds to fill it.
9. Go outside and look for some weedy grass...something long and skinny, not wide and flat. Cut off any "seed heads" and cut into segments just shorter than your reed holder.
10. Last, put a drop of red and black ink in your pallet inkwells, grab your rocks or terra cotta pieces, and start painting hieroglyphics and hieratics (this page can be used for a reference)!
Shared on Throwback Thursday
Saturday, October 22, 2016
Ancient Egyptian Foods
Below are all types of food that the ancient Egyptians had that I could dig up. Originally this was a list I made for a living history Vacation Bible School, but this list could be used for all sorts of other purposes.
I started out trying to limit this to the foods that would have been available in Egypt in the time of Joseph and Moses, but when these event occurred is highly debated among Biblical scholars and so really hard to nail down. Also, sometimes I don't know when exactly a certain food/ingredient was used in Egypt, just that it was used at some point.
NOTE ABOUT DATES: We don't have definite dates for when Joseph and Moses lived, but since the story of Moses mentions chariots, which were not in Egypt until they were taken over by the Hyksos (in the 2nd Intermediate Period between the Middle and New Kingdom), we can limit it to, at earliest, Late Middle Kingdom, or some time after that, but most likely before 1000 BCE.
FOR VBS VOLUNTEERS: I've included some things for historical interest that would not be feasible to use during VBS (don’t worry, I’m not suggesting serving wine or beer, or trying to hunt down papyrus root, which besides being hard to find is now endangered).
RECIPES
Egyptian Bread and Tigernut Cone Sweets
This is similar to the other tigernut recipes below, but they model the Egyptian method of making them, based off of depictions in Egyptian murals, not just the recipe.
"Tigernut" Sweets (Includes Walnuts - introduced in Greco-Roman Times)
"Tigernut" Sweets II (Includes Walnuts - introduced in Greco-Roman Times)
Horchata With Actual Tigernuts (Note - skip the recipe for beer in the beginning. The Horchata recipe is down below. Tigernuts are sold now as a health food in some store so it might be possible to get them to make this recipe. )
Tigernut Honey Cakes
Egyptian Beer Bread (made like Egyptians made it)
Scroll to the end to find recipe. Beer bakes out. Lots of good info on Egyptian baking above.
Ta'amia/Falafel (Bean Cakes)
While it's origins are disputed, some claim this dates back to the pharonic era of ancient Egypt. Falafel today is usually made from chickpeas but in Egypt it would have been made from beans.
Tilapia Soup
Watermelon Seed Recipe
I read that Egyptians originally cultivated watermelons for their seeds, not to eat the flesh--an indication that early on they weren’t sweet like today, though around the time of Joseph it seems they may have cultivated a more palatable, if not totally sweet, variety. While we don’t know for certain how they ate the seeds, I found this simple recipe which seems like something they might have done (it’s a middle Eastern recipe with ingredients they had then). You de-seed watermelon served as a snack, and then later use the seeds to make this. (Another version here doesn't mention drying seeds as long)
Dukkah Spice Blend
Ancient spice mixture that can be used to season meat, mixed with hummas, or used as a dip for bread. (Scroll Down on Page for Recipe)
Pickles
The Egyptians made pickles by soaking cucumbers in vinegar, and mixing in spices to flavor them (kids could have fun making their own pickles with combinations of spices Egyptians had, listed further down on this page.) (11)
WHAT INGREDIENTS/FOODS THEY HAD
You can use the ingredients below to find food for snacking or imagine other recipes they could have made (and might have). Remember that while they had a wide variety of foods available, they couldn't use them
all at once because some things would only be available in certain
seasons (you can find more info on seasonality at the bottom of this page).
BREADS AND GRAIN
- Bread (a main staple of the Egyptian Diet)
- made from emmer wheat (Triticum dicoccum) and six-row barley (Hordeum vulgare subsp. Hexastichum) (1)Egyptians had trouble keeping sand out of their bread...we know this because of the way the bread they ate wore down their teeth. (12)
- Bread was made from flour ground on grinding stones and mixed with water that was then kneaded and left to rise. The dough could be shaped in a flat loaf or baked in ceramic molds. (1)
DRINKS (5)
- Milk (from sheep, goat and cow)
- Water
- Beer (a main staple of diet)
- Wine (mostly from grapes, but also from pomegranate, grapes, and other fruit)
- Juices
MEAT (1)
- Cattle
- Chicken - used after Persian times, uncertain before that
- Duck
- Fish - primary source of meat for most Egyptians (included Nile perch, catfish, and mullets)
- Geese
- Goats
- Pigs
- Sheep
- Wild animals were hunted, mainly from the desert, and included wild cattle, addax, antelope, hartebeest, gazelle, ibex, Barbary sheep, oryx, and ostriches. Wild birds were also hunted. Hippo and crocodile were hunted mainly because they were dangerous. "In pharaonic times many of these desert fauna were hunted for sport by royalty and nobles; hunting dogs similar to the greyhound were used for this." (1)
DAIRY PRODUCTS (5,6)
- Eggs
- Cheeses
- Yogurt
- Butter (clarified, resembling oil...probably because of the heat).
VEGETABLES (1)
- Carob (Introduced in Middle Kingdom, used as a sweetener)
- Celery - Introduced during the 18th Dynasty (early New Kingdom), eaten raw, and used to flavor stews. (9)
- Cucumber (introduced in New Kingdom) (9)
- Chickpeas (introduced in New Kingdom, 18th Dynasty) (9)
- Cress (seeds used as flavoring, so possible that plant used like lettuce as well)(9)
- Garlic
- Fava Beans
- Lima Beans
- Leek
- Lentils
- Lettuce - Its leaves were eaten whole, dipped in oil and salt (4)
- Lotus Tuber (Arum colocasia)
- Mallow (4)
- Onions
- Peas
- Papyrus Tuber -”...they pull up from the fens the papyrus which grows every year, and the upper parts of it they cut off and turn to other uses, but that which is left below for about a cubit in length they eat or sell: and those who desire to have the papyrus at its very best bake it in an oven heated red-hot, and then eat it.” Herodotus, Histories II, 2.92 (4) -
- Raddish - white/pink (introduced in Middle Kingdom, 12th Dynasty)(9)
- Tigernut (a root crop, not actually a nut - sometimes sold now as a health food ) (3)
FRUITS (1)
- Carob Trees - More common in new kingdom (1)
- Dates and Date Palm
- Imported plant...not sure when imported. (1)
- Plentiful after hand pollination was practiced...not sure when that was
- Dom/Doum Palm (native plant with brown fruit) (1)
- Figs (common fig and sycomore fig)
- Grapes and Raisins
- Olives (rare) -there’s evidence of olives, though olive trees don't grow well in the southern part of the country - olive oil was a luxury item so probably olives were too. (1)
- Persea
- Pomegranate - more common in New Kingdom, though still a luxury item (9)
- Watermelon (2) - probably was not as sweet as watermelon today.
- Black Mulberry (introduced in New Kingdom)
- Wild Zizyphus berries
- Apricot (imported, only used by wealthy)
- Sesame
- Almonds (New Kingdom on, rare, imported from Persia and Armenia) (5)
- Watermelon Seeds
- Lotus Seeds
- Celery Seeds (introduced in early New Kingdom, incorporated in sauces for grilled fish) (9)
- Various other seeds
HERBS, SPICES (1)
- Anise (added to bread, flavored pork)(9)
- Celery Seeds
- Cinnamon (imported and only available to very rich, sometimes even used in mummification) (10)
- Coriander (available from the New Kingdom onward, added to bread, seasoned fish)
- Cress Seeds
- Cumin (available from the New Kingdom onward, flavored bread, fish)(9)*
- Dill (available from the New Kingdom onward) (9)
- Fennel
- Fenugreek - was used as a spice and possibly after the seeds were removed the stems provided fodder for livestock.
- Garlic
- Lavender
- Majoram (9)
- Mustar (possibly as early as Middle Kingdom) (9)
- Parsley (9)
- Rosemary (9)
- Thyme (9)
- Salt
*Cumin was associated with faithfulness, and so soldiers and merchants sometimes carried the seeds in their pockets to remind them of those waiting at home. They also thought cumin could help digestion and settle the stomach. (10)
OTHER
- Honey -produced in ceramic hives (1)
- Olive Oil - an imported item common after the Hyksos (9)
- Seed and Nut Oils
- Celery Seed Oil (used as a food preservative in New Kingdom)(9)
- Other Oils
- Vinegar (8)
SOURCES
1. http://astromic.blogspot.com/2012/01/food-in-ancient-egypt.html
2. http://news.nationalgeographic.com/2015/08/150821-watermelon-fruit-history-agriculture/
3. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyperus_esculentus
4. http://www.reshafim.org.il/ad/egypt/timelines/topics/vegetables.htm
5. http://www.reshafim.org.il/ad/egypt/timelines/topics/drink.htm
6. http://www.reshafim.org.il/ad/egypt/timelines/topics/meat.htm
7. https://books.google.com/books?id=Vj7A9jJrZP0C&pg=PA632&lpg=PA632&dq=celery+egypt&source=bl&ots=zt20tgyJKt&sig=PQaNQatoZHYbNAP6AG5BTmFmCqE&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiD58uW-orNAhUE7IMKHc31CvcQ6AEIQzAJ#v=onepage&q=plum&f=false
8. http://www.ancient-egypt-online.com/ancient-egyptian-food.html
9. https://cowofgold.wikispaces.com/Ancient+Egyptian+Food
10. https://www.history.com/news/spices-of-life-in-ancient-egypt
11. https://www.teacherspayteachers.com/Product/Ancient-Egypt-Reading-Comprehension-The-Nile-River-2613230
12. http://www.ethanholman.com/history/egypt/dailylife/breadmaking.htm
13. https://sourdoughstartersfall20.wordpress.ncsu.edu/2020/09/11/the-history-of-the-cucumber/
LINKING UP AT....
Throwback Thursday
Wednesday, July 6, 2016
Temple Mound Sifting Project
A fascinating video about the Temple Mound Sifting Project, with many pictures of archaeological finds and pictures and videos of the Temple Mound in Jerusalem. (Note: Contains call for donations at the end).
Monday, June 13, 2016
History Round-Up
These aren't necessarily new articles and resources, but new to me, and interesting!
EGYPT
Egyptian Tour - Daily Life
A blog post with LOTS of pictures and a focus on daily life in Egypt.
Pharoah in Canaan
This article is about an exhibit that explores the cross-cultural exchange that took place between Egypt and Canaan during the second millennium BC. Has a mention of the Biblical story of the Joseph, and lots of pictures.
Oldest/Longest Ancient Egyptian Leather Manuscript Found
Interesting tidbit about use of leather vs. Papyrus: Parchment was used for important religious texts and for documents that had to travel, because it the short term it was more sturdy than papyrus. But, over time it actually broke down quicker than papyrus.
Youngest Mummified Fetus Discovered
This is interesting because it says a lot about how Egyptians viewed the unborn. The baby was probably from a miscarriage.
Amazing Mummies of King Tut's Grandparents
Redating the Exodus and Conquest (Free Book PDF)
Egyptian Boat Burial Discovered
Oldest Depiction of Ancient Egyptian Demons Found
"The ancient Egyptian world of belief was inhabited by a huge number of entities with super powers. They could play both malevolent or benevolent roles, as threats, maladies and dangers, or as protectors, helpers and defenders."
Art and Power in Ancient Egypt
Nilometer Discovered from 3rd Century BC
This instrument measured the Nile's rise and fall and was used for Taxes
ISREAL/JUDEA
Photo of the Week - Judean Desert
Daily Life in the Time of the Judges
Ancient Sticy Notes Shift Secular Scholars Closer to Evangelicals on Bible's Age
OTHER/VARIOUS
Why No Truely Ancient Bible Writings Have Been Found
This article talks a lot about the history of writing in general, as it goes into deatail about the materials used by ancient writers including (but not limited) to Isreal, Egypt, Phonicia and how these hold up over time.
Free Books/Articles from Biblicalarchaeology.org
Well, I'm sure these have been there for a while, but I just discovered it: a whole page full of e-books on Biblical history and archaeology free when you sign up for their newsletter.
EGYPT
Egyptian Tour - Daily Life
A blog post with LOTS of pictures and a focus on daily life in Egypt.
Pharoah in Canaan
This article is about an exhibit that explores the cross-cultural exchange that took place between Egypt and Canaan during the second millennium BC. Has a mention of the Biblical story of the Joseph, and lots of pictures.
Oldest/Longest Ancient Egyptian Leather Manuscript Found
Interesting tidbit about use of leather vs. Papyrus: Parchment was used for important religious texts and for documents that had to travel, because it the short term it was more sturdy than papyrus. But, over time it actually broke down quicker than papyrus.
Youngest Mummified Fetus Discovered
This is interesting because it says a lot about how Egyptians viewed the unborn. The baby was probably from a miscarriage.
Amazing Mummies of King Tut's Grandparents
Redating the Exodus and Conquest (Free Book PDF)
Egyptian Boat Burial Discovered
Oldest Depiction of Ancient Egyptian Demons Found
"The ancient Egyptian world of belief was inhabited by a huge number of entities with super powers. They could play both malevolent or benevolent roles, as threats, maladies and dangers, or as protectors, helpers and defenders."
Art and Power in Ancient Egypt
Nilometer Discovered from 3rd Century BC
This instrument measured the Nile's rise and fall and was used for Taxes
ISREAL/JUDEA
Photo of the Week - Judean Desert
Daily Life in the Time of the Judges
Ancient Sticy Notes Shift Secular Scholars Closer to Evangelicals on Bible's Age
OTHER/VARIOUS
Why No Truely Ancient Bible Writings Have Been Found
This article talks a lot about the history of writing in general, as it goes into deatail about the materials used by ancient writers including (but not limited) to Isreal, Egypt, Phonicia and how these hold up over time.
Free Books/Articles from Biblicalarchaeology.org
Well, I'm sure these have been there for a while, but I just discovered it: a whole page full of e-books on Biblical history and archaeology free when you sign up for their newsletter.
Wednesday, June 8, 2016
Egypt VBS Decor - Marketplace
I thought I would share how we decorated our marketplace and "family homes" for Egypt VBS in 2010 and in 2016. We did not do all the marketplace crafts--I'm just including the official crafts for now (we did several alternatives as well...and I'm going to do separate posts for these).
The Scribe Shop (Hieroglyphics)
Reed mats just add something to table decor. I've seen unlined bamboo mats like these for $1 at the Dollar Store or Walmart. Party stores may have these too.
The Food Market
Our Animal market took NO decoration. The lovely people who brought the animals from a local farm just let them graze freely in our church's grassy yard. The kids ran around with baby goats (kids playing with kids...and both seeming to have a blast). It was vastly different from having them in a cage for kids to visit. There were some chickens in a cage...and the donkey was supervised more for the kids safety, but in general it was more natural than your typical petting zoo. Both the animals and kids seemed more relaxed. We did NOT have this during our regular marketplace, but replaced one day's games with "visiting herders." We brought the kids in small groups so as to better supervise .
The Scribe Shop (Hieroglyphics)
Reed mats just add something to table decor. I've seen unlined bamboo mats like these for $1 at the Dollar Store or Walmart. Party stores may have these too.
The Food Market
The food itself is most of the decor for this shop.
A few modern bowls don't detract too much if
combined with some baskets.
Brickmaking Shop
This was my shop during the marketplace. I have more pictures and marketplace tips for brickmaking here.
The Basketry Shop
Click on either of the pictures above to
see them larger.
In 2016 we tried out a Basketry shop. This would be the 6th time we had done a Holy Land themed VBS, and so we had collected a lot of baskets (and I believe the shop keeper brought some from home too). So, we were able to make a pretty spectacular basket display around the edges of our basket making shop.
In the back, the stone is just part of our church. We used a cheap bamboo fence we got several years back at a party story to cover the window. Sheets we collected from hotels for costumes when we did Rome covered the sides. It really set a wonderful atmosphere.
Animal Market
Our Animal market took NO decoration. The lovely people who brought the animals from a local farm just let them graze freely in our church's grassy yard. The kids ran around with baby goats (kids playing with kids...and both seeming to have a blast). It was vastly different from having them in a cage for kids to visit. There were some chickens in a cage...and the donkey was supervised more for the kids safety, but in general it was more natural than your typical petting zoo. Both the animals and kids seemed more relaxed. We did NOT have this during our regular marketplace, but replaced one day's games with "visiting herders." We brought the kids in small groups so as to better supervise .
Other Shops
We did several other alternative shops as well (not from Group's material) . I'll be blogging about these at some point.
Tuesday, June 7, 2016
VBS Egypt Decor - Family Homes
The first time our church did Group VBS it was using Egypt: Joseph's Journey. We really took the idea of these being "Egyptian Homes" seriously. We asked family leaders to decorate their rooms, and I even devoted three pages of my Egypt Volunteers Guide to what you could find in an Egyptian Family home, and told them to make sure to consider whether they wanted to decorate for a wealthy or poor home. Was all that necessary? Not really.
Granted, the "family home" pages I did helped with marketplace decorating too, so I don't regret doing that. But for family/tribe/group leaders, that sort of prep/decoration is really not essential. Family rooms can be absolutely undercoated and it's no big thing.
If you have some woven rugs or blankets to throw down on the floor of family rooms, that's a nice touch. Using a low stool in stead of a chair is both historically accurate and keeps volunteers closer to kids level (sitting on the floor with them does that too--but some volunteers may feel more comfortable with something to sit on). Bringing some throw pillows from home can add some practical cushioning (and is also historical).
This is not a great picture above, but I think this was one of the coolest (and smartest) set ups. The rugs naturally showed the kids where to sit. The focal point in the center gave kids stuff to look at without drawing their attention behind them, away from the stool where the group leader sat. And I have to mention that stool...cause that stool is so much like what Egyptians used it's uncanny.
And here's our sign stands. I think we left these in the rooms on the first day (so kids could find their rooms) and then moved them to the marketplace to use there. We reused these to hold columns several years later when we did Rome.
Egypt VBS Resources
Online Communities
Holy Land VBS Official Facebook Page
Egypt VBS Un-Official Facebook Page
Groups Forum
I've found in the past the forums at Group can also be a great resource, though it is not as active as it used to be. Actually, pretty dead inactive right now.
King Tut One Forum
If you have an Egyptian history question, here's one good place to ask--it's a forum all about Egyptian history. Warning, not a PG forum, so you might stumble upon a topic that's not suitable for smaller eyes.
Historum Forum
My favorite general history forum. Again, not a pg forum, but you can get really good answers to your historical questions here.
VBS Printables
Egypt Guide
This is a printable guide I made for our volunteers with info about ancient Egyptian culture with pictures for inspiration, etc. It was my attempt to fit some of the massive amounts of info about Egypt I found into what I thought was might be relevant and useful to marketplace volunteers and decorators at VBS. You can use any part of it, and even copy and alter it, but please keep all credit information about the pictures, which were used with permission with promise of credit being given.
Egyptian Names Printable
Having an Egyptian name is pretty essential for marketplace workers, soI made this one page printable to pass around and have people choose a name from. For even more Egyptian names try these links: Male Egyptian Names, Female Egyptian Names.
Pyramid Box Printable
Spinx Toy Printable
Egyptian History Resources
Aspects of Life in Ancient Egypt
If you want a brief overview...this is not the site for you. If you want to go deep on any particular topic about Egypt, than this is the site you're looking for. I found this especially helpful in finding extra information for alternative marketplace crafts, as there's a lot about various occupations, tools, etc. here. This site also had a lot more about the common people and day to day life than some other sites, which focused more on the Pharoahs and ruling class.
Egyptian History for Kids
Fun general site with lots of good info about Egypt for kids. Great for when kids get curious and want to learn more.
Free Fonts
Hieroglyphic Font
Free for personal use
Egyptian Fonts at DaFont
Various, including Hieroglyphic.
Reliq
Readable ancient looking font that looks similar to what is used by Group.
Free Clip Art
Open Clip Art - Egypt
Clip art released into the public domain. You could also search under Egyptian, mummy, Joseph, etc. Can be used commercially.
Clip Art Etc.
A clip art archive free for educational or non-profit use. Search under Egyptian for lots of high resolution graphics.
Illustrated Bible History
You can find many sections on Egypt in the alphabetical list on the left side. Free for personal, church, or other non-commercial use.
Unsplash - Egypt
Photography free to use for commercial or non-commercial usage. See licence here.
Pixabay - Egypt
Photography and art released into the public domain. Can be used commercially.
Story of Joseph Illustrations
Illustrations of the Story of Joseph free for use under Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported Licence.
Wikimedia Commons - Ancient Egypt
Most of the items on Wikimedia are under some sort of open licence like creative commons, or in the public domain. You can also search under Egypt, Biblical Illustration, Ancient Egyptian Painting, etc. to find more. Make sure to click "more details" to find out what licence the picture is under.
Phillip Martin Clip Art - Egypt
Comic book style art free for non-commercial use. Also has Joseph clip art.
Egyptian Graphics Set (Ages Brown Silhouettes)
Free but requires registering at Teacher Pay Teachers.
Egyptian Colorful Hierogrphics Graphics
Free but requires registering at Teacher Pay Teachers.
100 Royalty Free Egyptian Graphics/Photos
Free but requires registering at Teacher Pay Teachers.
Egypt Posts on this Blog
Egypt Marketplace: Brickmaking Tips
Egypt Decor
Egypt Decor - Marketplace Shops
Egypt Decor - Family Homes
Egyptian Resources for Homeschoolers
Misc. Resources
My VBS Egypt Pinterest Board
Ancient Egyptian Craft Ideas
Great for alternative crafts. Also, if you go to the "Time Traveler Section" in the sidebar you can find a sort of "choose your own adventure" Egyptian story to share with your kids.
General VBS Resource List
Book Recommendations
This section includes a few Amazon affiliate links through which I can earn a small commission. Any commission earned through this post will be donated to charity. More info here.
Make It Work: Ancient Egypt
I love all the costume and craft ideas in this book. My favorite decor item I think is a harp made from a bottle and balsa wood (a small item, but a very cool one for a music shop or in Pharaoh's palace.) If you're looking for alternative crafts there's lots of ideas to explore here. And they explain the history behind everything, too.
This book shows how to make 7 different Egyptian weapons using duct tape and other easy to find supplies, plus shows how to make various armor and costume items. I downloaded this back when it was a freebie, and loved it. I could see how it would be helpful in making costumes and props for VBS. (Available as printed book and printable PDF).
Monday, May 30, 2016
VBS Egypt Decor
The columns above were made, I believe, with stacked boxes covered by brown paper (we bought a large role). I am not sure how the flared tops were accomplished. The panels and the eagle above it were done on foam board (we used a slide projector to project up Egyptian clip art larger so we could easily copy it). The hieroglyphics on the wall were just cut out of colored paper and adhered with double stick tape. Larger items were adhered with command strips.
This Oblisk was also made with boxes. Wish I knew more than that to share with you. They have this desert backdrop for sale again at Group but I foudn a place selling it cheaper here. (The pyramid and other Egyptian scenery are removable, so we were able to reuse this backdrop for VBS Wildernes). I've also seen cool desert backdrops on oriental traders, and on Amazon and even more on this pinterest page.
We made our "Nile River" out of blue plastic tablecloths, and one of our volunteers made this amazing crocodile (I think out of clay that was alter painted). Plastic water lilies ("lotus flowers") like we used can be found here.
We made our "Nile River" out of blue plastic tablecloths, and one of our volunteers made this amazing crocodile (I think out of clay that was alter painted). Plastic water lilies ("lotus flowers") like we used can be found here.
Do you know what my kids remember the most about our last Egypt VBS...getting to climb on top of chairs we had stacked up to help us make carpet tube palm trees. To make these trees we cut the bottoms off of paper bags and slipped them over carpet tubes until they crumpled into a nice "bark." The leaves were paper cut outs over umbrella frames for support (you have to destroy the umbrella...take all the cloth off of it...so next time the wind destroys your umbrella...save it for VBS!) You can also use Christmas Tree stands to hold, and we have every year used one our flag pole stands for one palm tree. We also made some stands with wood, but I can't remember exactly how (a poll and a large base were involved).
This fire "brazier" was made by putting a light and a small fan in the bottom of the pot, and attaching orange, red and yellow streamers (or maybe tissue paper) to chicken wire under the fan. It looked a lot cooler in motion.
Sign made with a pole and I think some left over foam board scraps.
Our registration table. The bricks on the side are borrowed from our God sighting wall.
We made a bridge out of bamboo and 2x4s...kinda didn't hold up very well with kids walking over it. You can find Sphinxes like we used here. You can find white columes like we used at various party stores (this was the cheapest I found). You can also find instructions on how to make your own columns here. These can be re-used in most of the other Holy Land VBS programs (everyone say wilderness that they've done so far...even Galilee and Nazareth have synagogues you can use columns for).
History Round-up
Below are a list of my favorite "recent" Holy Land history finds (ok...not all so recent, as I've actually been collecting these since January). Enjoy!
General/Mixed Location Articles
Top 10 Finds in 2015
Yes, I'm way late in posting this...but still interesting.
Isreal/Judah
A Woman's Seal and a Man's Seal From Jerusalem Excavations
A very interesting article about seals and how they were used in Ancient Isreal. This page shows an actual picture of the seal recently found.
Return to the Cave of John the Baptist
A look a first century Mikva, ritual bath/baptismal.
Possible Home of Jesus in Nazareth
Shovel found in Magdala House
I love examples of items of everyday life like this.
Holy Land Portraits
A website I found with artist interpretations of various holy land sites.
Shipwreck in Isreal in the Time of Constantine
Egypt
A Discussion of When the Exodus Took Place
General/Mixed Location Articles
Top 10 Finds in 2015
Yes, I'm way late in posting this...but still interesting.
Isreal/Judah
A Woman's Seal and a Man's Seal From Jerusalem Excavations
A very interesting article about seals and how they were used in Ancient Isreal. This page shows an actual picture of the seal recently found.
Return to the Cave of John the Baptist
A look a first century Mikva, ritual bath/baptismal.
Possible Home of Jesus in Nazareth
Shovel found in Magdala House
I love examples of items of everyday life like this.
Holy Land Portraits
A website I found with artist interpretations of various holy land sites.
Shipwreck in Isreal in the Time of Constantine
Egypt
A Discussion of When the Exodus Took Place
Saturday, May 28, 2016
Marketplace: Brick Making Suggestions
Back in 2010 our church did the Egypt VBS that Group is putting out again this year. I worked in the Marketplace making mud bricks, and I can tell you, it was a blast. It's cheap, fun and really does give kids a good idea about life in Egypt (or lots of places in the middle east, really...where most people made their houses out of mud bricks).
Here's my brick making suggestions:
THE DIRT ON BRICK DIRT
Group has instructions for making bricks, but for those not using this program, you can find instructions on the Biblical Archaeology website, or you can just experiment with your own mix of mud, straw, and water. Note that Group instructions skip steps 3 and 4, for obvious reasons--who has time for prepping mud for 5 days for a simple kids project? Turns out the straw was used because it releases humic acid which makes for really strong bricks--so the four days of mud stomping was to give time for fermentation and to mix the acid from the straw through the mud. For VBS craft purposes, less strong bricks will do...but if you were doing this for homeschool I could see how going through the whole 5 day process might be educational.
I'd say in most cases it's better to get regular straight out of the ground dirt if you can (especially if you live in a place like Texas where the ground is literally called Texas clay). Garden soil or sand does not make especially sturdy bricks, but the bricks I made out of "Texas clay" from my backyard ...that dried rock hard and solid. You can ask volunteers to each bring a bucket of dirt from home or you can talk with a construction company to see if they have any extra "out of the ground" dirt you can use. As for straw, we didn't chop our straw up in little pieces and the big pieces did make our bricks less stable. Chopping up straw is time consuming so I suggest involving the kids in this step. Kids love cutting up things into tiny pieces anyways and you can cut up straw with scissors.
BRICK MOLDS
Shared on Littles Learning Link-up and Dear Homeschooler Bookshelf and Throwback Thursday
BRICK MOLDS
Group instructions also include dimensions for the mold, but if you need dimensions, I have some on my homeschool site here (not sure if this was the same as group's). They are pretty simple to make, just four short pieces of wood nailed
or glued together like in the picture above (ours were a little
narrow--slightly wider ones are easier to work with). You will also want to reserve some thick short slabs of wood to use to help kids pack the mud and push the bricks out of the mold (see below).
A butter knife can be useful to run along the side of the brick mold if the brick has trouble coming out of the mold. Below a child uses a plastic knife to smooth his brick.
A butter knife can be useful to run along the side of the brick mold if the brick has trouble coming out of the mold. Below a child uses a plastic knife to smooth his brick.
The bricks shown here were made with a mix of
garden sand/soil mixed in, and came out kind of
crumbly. "Texas clay" straight out of my back yard
worked much better - it dried solid like rock.
LOCATION AND MESS PREP
This "craft" is messy! If you can, put your brick making area outside...doing this craft on hard ground or cement is preferable. If the only outdoor location has grass, you may need boards, cookie sheets, or other flat hard surfaces to put your bricks on. If picnic tables are available they work well...but remember to cover them with a plastic tarp or disposable tablecloth.
If you have to do this indoors (as we did), protect your floor with a large tarp and line the outsides of the area with towels for kids to wipe their feet off on. Also, have some extra towels and a bucket of clean water for kids to wash their hands in...maybe some hand sanitizer or soap too (Historical Tidbit: Egyptians actually had a form of soap). Also, be forewarned that your clothes will get muddy...it will add to the authenticity of your costume (*wink*). We offered kids pillowcase tunics to wear during VBS, which worked to protect their clothes from home too. If you don't do this, I would suggest providing some sort of apron or overshirt for kids to wear during this craft.
DECOR
My outfit during the week got
more and more "authentic"
DECOR
At our VBS, "shopkeepers" were in charge of decorating their area. Decor for the brick making shop is pretty simple. The bricks themselves can be part of your decorations...as the week progresses the kids will need to leave the bricks to dry, though having a few to show to start with is helpful. Hey bales can be used as seats. For covering your table and any decorative draping on the sides of the tent I suggest beige plastic shower curtains. Only use sheets if you own them, not ones you've borrowed as they could get mud splattered on them. I managed to find one real wooden bucket at a thrift store for ours, but we had plastic ones too...you could paint plastic buckets like wood but I don't think it would be worth the trouble, personally (cause you'll need a lot of buckets for this). If you are outside you can keep dirt in piles. Hay looks nice in burlap sacks or canvas laundry bags (but again, the messiness factor is something to consider...only do this with donated bags, not loaned).
7. Dry your bricks on trays of hay or sand to keep them from sticking. You will need to take them outside every day to dry in the sun, so kids will have to leave them (pray for no rain!).
8. An idea we toyed with but didn't use was making something with our bricks--like a firepit or an edging to a flower garden. Didn't do that, but I still think this would be cool (depending on the sturdiness of your bricks).
MISC TIPS
7. Dry your bricks on trays of hay or sand to keep them from sticking. You will need to take them outside every day to dry in the sun, so kids will have to leave them (pray for no rain!).
8. An idea we toyed with but didn't use was making something with our bricks--like a firepit or an edging to a flower garden. Didn't do that, but I still think this would be cool (depending on the sturdiness of your bricks).
Child playing with the muddy water
we used to mix our bricks.
we used to mix our bricks.
MISC TIPS
- Younger kids may come back to play in the dirt and mud. Our brick-making shop turned into an "extra activity" for wee ones who finished early in other shops.
- Visit this site to learn more about Egyptian Brick Making. It has a drawing of Egyptians making bricks, and TONS of interesting facts about ancient Egyptian brick-making. There's also a more succinct description of how to make mud bricks at Biblical Archeology.
Most of these photos were not taken by me, but other wonderful photographers at Dayspring Baptist Church.
Shared on Littles Learning Link-up and Dear Homeschooler Bookshelf and Throwback Thursday
Monday, April 4, 2016
About Affiliate Links
I include some affiliate links to Amazon.com and Educents.com and Zazzle.com on this site. If someone buys something through these links I can earn a small commission on the sale.
I include these links for two main reasons...
DO I DONATE MY EARNINGS?
If the specific post says that Amazon earnings are donated, then affiliate earnings from links from that post will be donated to a charity of my choosing. If the post doesn't make any mention of charitable donation, assume earnings are not going to charity from affiliate links on that post. NOT ALL LINKS TO COMMERCIAL SITES FROM THIS PAGE EARN MONEY FOR CHARITY (only Amazon links on posts which have a label noting charitable giving...Educents links do not earn money for charity because I don't have a way to distinguish them links on my other site).
Some of the articles on this site were previously hosted on Squido, where I donated all my earnings from my share of the ad revenue to charity through their charitable giving program. Sadly, that site has been shut down, bought out by HubPages which doesn't have a similar program.
WHAT HAS BEEN DONATED
So, I finally got enough to cash out by gift certificate at Amazon, and donated $20 to modest needs in turn.
I include these links for two main reasons...
- Using the affiliate programs allows me to include pictures I would otherwise not have permission to use.
- While I did not create this site to earn money, I figure if I'm going to be linking to something on Amazon or Zazzle or Educuents anyways, I might as well link to it in a way in which I could earn some money.
DO I DONATE MY EARNINGS?
If the specific post says that Amazon earnings are donated, then affiliate earnings from links from that post will be donated to a charity of my choosing. If the post doesn't make any mention of charitable donation, assume earnings are not going to charity from affiliate links on that post. NOT ALL LINKS TO COMMERCIAL SITES FROM THIS PAGE EARN MONEY FOR CHARITY (only Amazon links on posts which have a label noting charitable giving...Educents links do not earn money for charity because I don't have a way to distinguish them links on my other site).
Some of the articles on this site were previously hosted on Squido, where I donated all my earnings from my share of the ad revenue to charity through their charitable giving program. Sadly, that site has been shut down, bought out by HubPages which doesn't have a similar program.
WHAT HAS BEEN DONATED
So, I finally got enough to cash out by gift certificate at Amazon, and donated $20 to modest needs in turn.
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